This question means "Do you understand?"

...so that's how to fill out a sales report. Does that make sense?

The question "Do you understand?" can sound very aggressive. We also ask "Do you understand?" when angrily giving someone orders. For example, a parent might punish their child this way:

A: You are grounded. No TV, no Internet, no phone for one week. Do you understand?

B: ...

A: Do you understand?!

B: Yes.

Because of that, "Do you understand?" has a bit of a hard sound. "Does that make sense?" is a softer way to ask if people understand something.